Pembuatan Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) dari Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Off Grade dengan Metode Esterifikasi dan Transesterifikasi

Authors

  • Hendriyana Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani
  • Andini Hizbiyati Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani
  • Fajar Subagja Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani
  • Disti Ayu Hania Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55893/jt.vol23no2.699

Keywords:

CPO-off grade, Esterification, Transesterification, FAME

Abstract

Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) or biodiesel, derived from palm oil, is a renewable fuel alternative to fossil fuels. Crude Palm Oil with high free fatty acid (FFA) content is commonly referred to as off-grade CPO. The esterification process can reduce FFA levels in off-grade CPO. Catalysts play a critical role in producing biodiesel that meets quality standards. This study examines the effect of H2SO4 and NaOH catalyst concentrations on biodiesel production. Esterification was performed using three variations of H2SO4 concentration: A=1%-mass, B=2%-mass, and C = 3%-mass. Transesterification utilized three NaOH concentrations: A=1%-mass, B=2%-mass, and C=3%-mass. Biodiesel quality was evaluated based on yield, density, kinematic viscosity, acid number, FFA, water content, and flash point. The study found that catalyst concentration significantly affects biodiesel quality. The optimal catalyst concentrations were 1%-mass for both H2SO4 and NaOH, producing biodiesel that met SNI Biodiesel 7182:2015 standards. The results included a yield of 79%, density of 861.12 kg/m³, kinematic viscosity of 4.08 mm²/s(cSt), acid number of 0.44 mg NaOH/g FAME, FFA content of 0.28%, water content of 0.028%, and flash point of 184°C.

Author Biographies

  • Hendriyana, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

    Department of Chemical Engineering 

  • Andini Hizbiyati, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

    Department of Chemical Engineering

  • Fajar Subagja, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

    Department of Chemical Engineering

  • Disti Ayu Hania, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani

    Department of Chemical Engineering

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Additional Files

Published

2025-01-18

How to Cite

Pembuatan Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) dari Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Off Grade dengan Metode Esterifikasi dan Transesterifikasi. (2025). Jurnal Teknik: Media Pengembangan Ilmu Dan Aplikasi Teknik, 23(2), 159-165. https://doi.org/10.55893/jt.vol23no2.699

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