Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Katalis CaO Dari Tulang Sapi Terhadap Konversi Minyak Jelantah Menjadi Biodiesel Melalui Transesterifikasi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55893/jt.vol25no1.823Keywords:
biodiesel, waste cooking oil, CaO catalyst, calcination, transesterificationAbstract
Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil is challenged by its high free fatty acid (FFA) content, which can promote saponification and reduce catalyst performance. Heterogeneous CaO catalyst derived from bovine bone waste offers a promising alternative due to its higher tolerance toward FFA. This study investigated the effects of methanol-to-oil molar ratios (5:1 and 12:1), catalyst calcination temperatures (800oC and 1000oC), calcination times (3, 5, and 7 h), and catalyst concentrations (4 and 6 wt%) on biodiesel yield from waste cooking oil. CaO catalyst was synthesized from bovine bones through calcination and applied in a 1 h transesterification reaction. Biodiesel yield was used to evaluate the influence of calcination and reaction conditions. The results showed that the 12:1 molar ratio provided higher conversion than the 5:1 ratio. The optimum condition was obtained at a calcination temperature of 1000 oC for 5 h with a catalyst concentration of 4–6 wt%, yielding a maximum biodiesel yield of 73%. The increase in yield from 46% to 73% indicates enhanced formation of active CaO and O2- basic sites, which facilitate methoxide ion generation during transesterification. These findings demonstrate the potential of bovine bone-derived CaO catalyst for biodiesel production without esterification.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Elizabeth Desfelia Ciciolini Sidabutar, Vanessa Keysia Imanuella Mampow, Zain Achmad Kahfi, Arturito Tri Setiawan, Hendrik Vicarlo Saragih Manihuruk, Arini Anestesia Purba, Yongki Christandi Batubara, Fika Dwi Oktavia, Rizqy Romadhona Ginting, Naufal Rakha Ramdhani
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